Author(s)

Lin Jin ¹, Xu Ding ², Yanhong Huang ²

Affiliation(s)

¹ Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712046, China
² Xi'an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710100, China

Corresponding Author

Yanhong Huang

ABSTRACT

Intrauterine Adhesion (IUA) is a common intrauterine trauma disease in gynecology. Clinically, it mainly presents as amenorrhea, reduced menstrual flow, periodic abdominal pain, infertility, and recurrent miscarriage, seriously damaging the reproductive health of women of childbearing age. Recent studies have confirmed that immune inflammation imbalance is the core initiating mechanism mediating the occurrence and development of intrauterine adhesions. Cytokines, as the core regulatory mediators of the immune microenvironment, can participate in the transformation from physiological repair to pathological fibrosis after uterine endometrium injury by regulating the inflammatory cascade reaction, polarization of immune cells, activation of fibroblasts, and deposition of extracellular matrix. This article systematically reviews the mechanisms of normal intrauterine immune homeostasis and immune imbalance after injury, and summarizes the regulatory roles of various immune factors such as pro-inflammatory factors, anti-inflammatory factors, and chemokines in intrauterine adhesions and their downstream signaling pathways. The aim is to provide theoretical references for in-depth research on the mechanism of intrauterine adhesions and precise targeted immunotherapy.

KEYWORDS

Intrauterine adhesions; Endometrial injury; Immune factors; Inflammatory response; Fibrosis

CITE THIS PAPER

Lin Jin, Xu Ding, Yanhong Huang. Research Progress on Cytokine-Mediated Fibrosis in Intrauterine Adhesions. MEDS Clinical Medicine (2026). Vol. 7, No. 3, 87-93. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/medsc.2026.070312.

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