Author(s)

Haocai Sun ^1,2, Xiaoran Yan ^1,2, Guang Liu ^1,2, Hua Yuan ^1,2

Affiliation(s)

¹ School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China
² Zhejiang–Belarus Joint Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and System for Water Conservancy and Hydropower Safety Monitoring, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310018, China

Corresponding Author

Xiaoran Yan

ABSTRACT

Spinel–structured magnesium manganate (MgMn₂O₄) possesses a three–dimensional tunnel structure that enables fast ion transport and exhibits a relatively high charge–discharge plateau. Therefore, it is a high–performance cathode material with great application potential for magnesium–ion batteries. However, the Jahn–Teller effect induced by high–valence ions such as Mn³⁺ in the material, together with the easy dissolution of Mn²⁺ ions into the electrolyte, severely deteriorates its electrochemical cycling stability and rate capability. To address these issues, in this work, spinel–type MgFeₓMnyO₄ nanomaterials were synthesized via the sol–gel method. Using 0.5 M MgCl₂ aqueous solution as the electrolyte, different amounts of manganese acetate were added to effectively inhibit the Jahn–Teller effect and Mn²⁺ dissolution, and the influence of Mn salt concentration in the electrolyte on the electrochemical performance of the electrode material was systematically studied. X–ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption measurements were employed to characterize the phase composition and microstructure of the prepared materials. The results show that the material exhibits optimal electrochemical performance when the concentration of manganese acetate in the electrolyte is 2.45 mM. In this study, the dual regulation of electrode materials and electrolytes effectively improves the magnesium ion storage performance and cycling stability of electrodes, which is of great significance for the development and application of aqueous magnesium–ion batteries.

KEYWORDS

Magnesium–ion batteries; MgFeₓMnyO₄; Aqueous electrolyte; Magnesium–ion storage; Cycling stability

CITE THIS PAPER

Haocai Sun, Xiaoran Yan, Guang Liu, Hua Yuan. Aqueous Electrolyte Regulation for Enhancing Magnesium–Ion Storage Performance of Spinel–Type MgFexMnyO₄ Electrode Materials. Journal of Materials, Processing and Design (2026). Vol. 10, No.1, 50-59. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/jmpd.2026.100107.

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