Education, Science, Technology, Innovation and Life
Open Access
Sign In
  1. Home
  2. Journals
  3. Journal of Materials, Processing and Design
  4. Vol 9, Issue 1, 2025

A Review of Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing of Continuous Fiber /PLA Composites

Download as PDF

DOI: 10.23977/jmpd.2025.090117 | Downloads: 0 | Views: 53

Author(s)

Chunlei Luo 1,2, Xiaohui Song 2, Minggan Wang 3, Lu Chen 1, Xin Yang 4, Yinyu Xiao 2, Shijie Wei 2, Jinqiu Li 2

Affiliation(s)

1 School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, China
2 Guangxi Key Laboratory of Special Equipment and Control University Engineering Research Center of Non-standard Intelligent Equipment and Process Control Technology, Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, China
3 Engineering Department, Cooler Master (Huizhou) Co, Ltd, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
4 College of Mechanical and Control Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, China

Corresponding Author

Xiaohui Song

ABSTRACT

Continuous fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRPCs) have been widely used in various fields due to their excellent mechanical properties. Polylactic acid (PLA) is a new biodegradable material with a wide range of applications in many aspects due to its good properties, and in addition PLA is one of the materials commonly used for 3D printing of continuous fiber. This review introduced the mechanical properties of the continuous fiber reinforced PLA for 3D printing, including tensile, impact, and flexural strength; and detailed the effects of continuous fiber type, processing parameters of 3D printing, impregnation and route planning. Finally, an outlook on the future research of 3D printing of continuous fiber technology and PLA material properties was made.

KEYWORDS

3D printing of continuous fiber; polylactic acid; mechanical properties; processing parameters; impregnation; route planning

CITE THIS PAPER

Chunlei Luo, Xiaohui Song, Minggan Wang, Lu Chen, Xin Yang, Yinyu Xiao, Shijie Wei, Jinqiu Li, A Review of Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing of Continuous Fiber /PLA Composites. Journal of Materials, Processing and Design (2025) Vol. 9: 155-164. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.23977/jmpd.2025.090117.

REFERENCES

[1] Zhang H, Huang T, Jiang Q, et al. Recent progress of 3D printed continuous fiber reinforced polymer composites based on fused deposition modeling: a review. J Mater Sci.2021; 56: 12999-13022.
[2] Joshi SC and Sheikh AA. 3D printing in aerospace and its long-term sustainability. Virtual Phys Prototyping. 2015; 10: 175-185.
[3] Pei E, Eujin Pei D, Shen J, et al. Direct 3D printing of polymers onto textiles: experimental studies and applications. Rapid Prototyping J.2015; 21: 556-571.
[4] Revilla-Leon M and Ozcan M. Additive Manufacturing Technologies Used for Processing Polymers: Current Status and Potential Application in Prosthetic Dentistry. J Prosthodont.2019; 28: 146-158.
[5] Paolini A, Kollmannsberger S and Rank E. Additive manufacturing in construction: A review on processes, applications, and digital planning methods. Addit Manuf .2019; 30: 100894.
[6] Jasminka K and Josipa Š. 3D print additive technology as a form of textile material substitute in clothing design–interdisciplinary approach in designing corsets and fashion accessories. Ind Textila .2018; 69: 190-196.
[7] Ligon SC, Liska R, Stampfl J, et al. Polymers for 3D Printing and Customized Additive Manufacturing. Chem Rev.2017; 117: 10212-10290.
[8] Wickramasinghe S, Do T and Tran P. FDM-Based 3D Printing of Polymer and Associated Composite: A Review on Mechanical Properties, Defects and Treatments. Polymers (Basel).2020; 12: 1529.
[9] Vyavahare S, Teraiya S, Panghal D, et al. Fused deposition modelling: a review. Rapid Prototyping J.2020; 26: 176-201.
[10] Brenken B, Barocio E, Favaloro A, et al. Fused filament fabrication of fiber-reinforced polymers: A review. Addit Manuf .2018; 21: 1-16.
[11] Zhuo P, Li S, Ashcroft IA, et al. Material extrusion additive manufacturing of continuous fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites: A review and outlook. Compos Part B Eng.2021; 224: 109143.
[12] Ruibing Q, Aiyiti W and Yong T. Recent progress on FDM 3D printing. Manuf Technol Mach Tool.2020: 40-44(in Chinese).
[13] Haoqin Z, Wenchao Y, Yueling C, et al. Research Progress on Modification of Transparent and Heat-resistant Polylactic Acid Materials. Eng Plast Appl. 2021; 49: 164-170(in Chinese).
[14] Ingrao C, Tricase C, Cholewa-Wojcik A, et al. Polylactic acid trays for fresh-food packaging: A Carbon Footprint assessment. Sci Total Environ.2015; 537: 385-398.
[15] Chengcheng W, Mengqian L, Wen L, et al. Research Progress on 3D Printing Polylactic Acid and Its Composites. Plast Sci Technol.2016; 44: 89-91(in Chinese).
[16] Lintao Y, Xiangfan N and Chuyang. L. Progress in 3D Printing of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composites Based on Fused Deposition Modeling. Aero Weapon.2022: 1-14(in Chinese).
[17] Zhi W, Ning Y and Jing L. Research Progress in Fused Deposition Modeling of Fiber-reinforced Composites. Mater Rep.2021; 35: 15197-15204(in Chinese).
[18] Maqsood N and Rimašauskas M. Characterization of carbon fiber reinforced PLA composites manufactured by fused deposition modeling. Composites Part C: Open Access.2021; 4: 100112.
[19] Heidari-Rarani M, Rafiee-Afarani M and Zahedi AM. Mechanical characterization of FDM 3D printing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced PLA composites. Compos Part B Eng.2019; 175: 107147.
[20] Tian X, Liu T, Wang Q, et al. Recycling and remanufacturing of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced PLA composites. J Clean Prod.2017; 142: 1609-1618.
[21] Matsuzaki R, Ueda M, Namiki M, et al. Three-dimensional printing of continuous-fiber composites by in-nozzle impregnation. Sci Rep.2016; 6: 23058.
[22] Wang Y, Kong D, Zhang Q, et al. Process parameters and mechanical properties of continuous glass fiber reinforced composites-polylactic acid by fused deposition modeling. J Reinf Plast Compos.2021; 40: 686-698.
[23] Yu L, Chen K, Xue P, et al. Impregnation modeling and preparation optimization of continuous glass fiber reinforced polylactic acid filament for 3D printing. Polym Compos.2021; 42: 5731-5742.
[24] Wang Y, Lyu C, Zhang Q, et al. Preparation and Performance Index Test of Continuous Glass Fiber Reinforced Filament- Polylactic Acid for 3D Printer. Journal of Physics: Conference Series.2021; 1906: 012053.
[25] Cersoli T, Yelamanchi B, MacDonald E, et al. 3D printing of a continuous fiber-reinforced composite based on a coaxial Kevlar/PLA filament. Compos Adv Mater.2021; 30: 26349833211000058.
[26] Tey JY, Ding WO, Yeo WH, et al. 3D printing of continuous kevlar reinforced polymer composite through coextrusion method. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.2020; 463: 012091.
[27] Bettini P, Alitta G, Sala G, et al. Fused Deposition Technique for Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic. J Mater Eng Perform.2016; 26: 843-848.
[28] Zhihua Z. Pretreatment of Sisal Fiber Based on the Analysis of Chemical Composition and Research on the Preparation and Properties of Sisal Fiber Reinforced Polylactide Biocomposites. PhD Thesis, South China University of Technology, China, 2017.
[29] Long Y, Zhang Z, Fu K, et al. Efficient plant fibre yarn pre-treatment for 3D printed continuous flax fibre/poly(lactic) acid composites. Compos Part B Eng.2021; 227: 109389.
[30] Hinchcliffe SA, Hess KM and Srubar WV. Experimental and theoretical investigation of prestressed natural fiber-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composite materials. Compos Part B Eng.2016; 95: 346-354.
[31] Weibing L, Sujuan Q and Zhidong L. Research progress and optimization of process parameters of polymer materials for 3D printing. China Synth Resin Plast.2020; 37: 85-89(in Chinese).
[32] Yu L, Yan L and Kunkun F. Recent advances in 3D printed fiber reinforced composites:Processing technique and mechanical performance. Acta Mater Compositae Sin.2022; 39: 4196-4212(in Chinese).
[33] Jiarong H. Study on Bending Properties of 3D Printing Continuous Carbon Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Composites. Plast Sci Technol.2019; 47: 40-43(in Chinese).
[34] Vinoth Babu N, Venkateshwaran N, Rajini N, et al. Influence of slicing parameters on surface quality and mechanical properties of 3D-printed CF/PLA composites fabricated by FDM technique. Mater Technol. 2021; 37: 1008-1025.
[35] Akhoundi B, Behravesh AH and Bagheri Saed A. Improving mechanical properties of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites produced by FDM 3D printer. J Reinf Plast Compos.2018; 38: 99-116.
[36] Yonghui C, Liguo Y and Mingyin J. Study on 3D Printing Technology of Continuous Fiber Reinforced PLA Composite. Fiber Compos.2020; 37: 95-100(in Chinese).
[37] Fan Z, Yuegang T, Guofeng M, et al. Research on the Forming Process of Continuous Carbon Fiber Composite 3D Printing. Mach Des Manuf.2019; No.341: 96-98+102(in Chinese).
[38] Tian X, Liu T, Yang C, et al. Interface and performance of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced PLA composites. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf .2016; 88: 198-205.
[39] Suteja J, Firmanto H, Soesanti A, et al. Properties investigation of 3D printed continuous pineapple leaf fiber-reinforced PLA composite. J Thermoplast Compos mater.2020; 35: 2052-2061
[40] Dou H, Cheng Y, Ye W, et al. Effect of Process Parameters on Tensile Mechanical Properties of 3D Printing Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced PLA Composites. Materials (Basel).2020; 13: 3850.
[41] Lian K, Yang L, Zhu D, et al. Effect of printing parameters on 3D-printed carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites under magnetic field control. J Manuf Processes.2023; 101: 1443-1452.
[42] Hu Q, Duan Y, Zhang H, et al. Manufacturing and 3D printing of continuous carbon fiber prepreg filament. J Mater Sci.2017; 53: 1887-1898.
[43] Wang Y, Shi J and Liu Z. Bending performance enhancement by nanoparticles for FFF 3D printed nylon and nylon/Kevlar composites. J Compos Mater.2020; 55: 1017-1026.
[44] Araya-Calvo M, López-Gómez I, Chamberlain-Simon N, et al. Evaluation of compressive and flexural properties of continuous fiber fabrication additive manufacturing technology. Addit Manuf .2018; 22: 157-164.
[45] Yang C, Tian X, Liu T, et al. 3D printing for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites: mechanism and performance. Rapid Prototyping J.2017; 23: 209-215.
[46] Wang F, Wang G, Ning F, et al. Fiber–matrix impregnation behavior during additive manufacturing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites. Addit Manuf .2021; 37: 101661.
[47] Chen K, Yu L, Cui Y, et al. Optimization of printing parameters of 3D-printed continuous glass fiber reinforced polylactic acid composites. Thin Wall Struct..2021; 164: 107717.
[48] Le Duigou A, Barbé A, Guillou E, et al. 3D printing of continuous flax fibre reinforced biocomposites for structural applications. Mater Des.2019; 180: 107884.
[49] Qiao J, Li Y and Li L. Ultrasound-assisted 3D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (FRTP) composites. Addit Manuf .2019; 30: 100926.
[50] Ruishi T, Mingyao L, Fan Z, et al. Continuous Path Planning Algorithm for Carbon Fiber Composite Material 3D Printing. Mach Des Manuf .2019: 1-4(in Chinese).、
[51] Rajan VT, Srinivasan V and Tarabanis KA. The optimal zigzag direction for filling a two‐dimensional region. Rapid Prototyping J.2001; 7: 231-241.
[52] Zude z, Fei C, Fan Z, et al. Efficient Spiral Bias Filling Algorithm for Continuous Carbon Fiber 3D Printing. J Wuhan University Technol .2017; 39: 81-87(in Chinese).
[53] Ye Y. Research on trajectory planning of 3D printing of continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites. MSc Thesis, JiangNan University, China, 2022.
[54] Wang T, Li N, Link G, et al. Load-dependent path planning method for 3D printing of continuous fiber reinforced plastics. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf .2021; 140: 106181.
[55] Zhipeng H. Research on 3D Printing Layering and Path Planning Based on FDM Technology. MSc Thesis, Hangzhou Dianzi University, China, 2021.

Subscription
E-Mail Alert
Most popular papers
Call for Special Issue
Publication Ethics & OA Statement
Plagiarism Policy
Contact Us
Downloads: 3942
Visits: 243252

Sponsors, Associates, and Links

All published work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Copyright © 2016 - 2031 Clausius Scientific Press Inc. All Rights Reserved.